Surface Flow and Flood in the Shamakhi District Located in the South-east Part of the Great Caucasus

Abstract

The research was conducted on the following most common soil types in Azerbaijan: Gray-brown, gray-soil-meadow, gray-brown, and mountain-gray-brown. What is common for these soils is that humus penetrates deep into the soil profile and decreases very slowly along the profile. According to the results of our research, it has been proved that the amount of humus in the 20–60 cm layer of soil is 1.24–4.19%, the total amount of nitrogen is 0.070–0.238%, and the content of mineral forms of nitrogen is almost identical to the previous soils, and in some of them, there is an increase in the content of phosphorus and exchangeable potassium compared to other soils studied. The content of carbonates in these soils. Calcium predominates in the absorbed bases, which of the total replaceable cations. The amount of exchangeable sodium in the absorbed complex is small, 2.7–4.7% of the total, and the amount of replaceable magnesium is quite high. The moisture regime of mountain-gray-brown soils is mainly determined by the amount of atmospheric precipitation and the evaporation rate of soil moisture.