B.R. Nahata Smriti Sansthan Agricultural Extension Journal (AEXTJ) http://www.aextj.com/index.php/aextj <p><strong>B R Nahata Smriti Sansthan Agricultural Extension Journal (AEXTJ)</strong> is an international Referred and Peer Reviewed Online and print Journal with E-ISSN: 2582-3302 and P-ISSN: 2582-564X published by B.R. Nahata Smriti Sansthan for the enhancement of research and extension in Agriculture and allied discipline. </p> <p>AEXTJ is a Open Access Online Journal that publishes full-length papers, reviews and short communications exploring and to promote diverse and integrated areas of Agriculture, Horticulture, Agricultural Engineering, Animal husbandry, Veterinary, Home science, food technology, fishery, Social science and Economics. AEXTJ is steered by a distinguished Board of Editors. To maintain a high-quality journal, manuscripts that appear in the AEXTJ Articles section have been subjected to a rigorous review process.</p> <p>Country: India, Yemen, Srilanka, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, Sudan and opens to the world.</p> <p><strong>Subject Category: </strong></p> <p>B R Nahata Smriti Sansthan Agricultural Extension Journal (AEXTJ) covers topic of all agriculture branches. The main topic includes but not limited to:</p> <p><strong>AGRICULTURE, HORTICULTURE, AGRICULTURAL ENGINEERING, ANIMAL HUSBANDRY, VETERINARY, HOME SCIENCE, FOOD TECHNOLOGY, FISHERY, SOCIAL SCIENCE AND ECONOMICS</strong></p> <h3><strong> AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES</strong></h3> <ul> <li>Plant Science</li> <li>Agricultural Economics</li> <li>Basic biology concepts</li> <li>Management of the Environment</li> <li>Agricultural Technology</li> <li>Basic Horticulture</li> <li>Irrigation and water management</li> <li>Soil Science</li> <li>Animal Science</li> <li>Agricultural Chemistry</li> <li>Sustainable Natural Resource Utilization</li> <li>Agricultural Management Practices</li> <li>Natural Resources</li> <li>Food System</li> </ul> <h3>CROP PRODUCTION</h3> <ul> <li>Cereals or Basic Grains: Oats, Wheat, Barley, Rye, Triticale, Corn, Sorghum, Millet, Quinoa and Amaranth</li> <li>Pulse Crops: Peas (all types), field beans, faba beans, lentils, soybeans, peanuts and chickpeas.</li> <li>Vegetable crops or Olericulture: Crops utilized fresh or whole</li> <li>Tree Nut crops: Hazlenuts. walnuts, almonds, cashews, pecans</li> <li>Sugar crops: sugarcane. sugar beets, sorghum</li> <li>Oilseeds: Canola, Rapeseed, Flax, Sunflowers, Corn and Hempseed</li> <li>Hay and Silage (Forage crop) Production</li> <li>Tree Fruit crops: apples, oranges, stone fruit</li> <li>Berry crops: strawberries, blueberries, raspberries</li> <li>Potatoes varieties and production.</li> </ul> <h3>LIVESTOCK PRODUCTION</h3> <ul> <li>Animal husbandry</li> <li>Bovine</li> <li>Camel</li> <li>Pigs</li> <li>Goat</li> <li>Bees</li> <li>Exotic Species</li> <li>Ranch</li> <li>Equine</li> <li>Yak</li> <li>Sheep</li> <li>Poultry</li> <li>Dogs</li> <li>Chicken Growth</li> </ul> <h3>AQUACULTURE</h3> <ul> <li>Fish Farm</li> <li>Freshwater Prawn Farm</li> <li>Shrimp Farm</li> </ul> <p><strong>CROP PRODUCTION:</strong> <strong>GRAINS; LEGUMES; FRUITS; VEGETABLES; FLOWERS; COTTON</strong></p> <ul> <li>Crop protection</li> <li>Crop breeding and genetics</li> <li>Crop nutrition, irrigation</li> <li>Crop physiology</li> <li>Pests and diseases, weeds, invasive species</li> <li>Precision agriculture</li> <li>Sustainable agriculture</li> <li>Conservation agriculture</li> <li>Organic agriculture</li> <li>Ecological agriculture</li> </ul> <p><strong>ANIMAL PRODUCTION: LIVESTOCK AND POULTRY</strong></p> <ul> <li>Animal breeding</li> <li>Animal nutrition<strong style="font-size: 0.875rem;"> </strong></li> </ul> <p><strong>SOIL AND WATER</strong></p> <ul> <li>Soil physics</li> <li>Soil chemistry</li> <li>Soil microbiology</li> <li>Soil and water quality</li> <li>Irrigation and water use efficiency</li> </ul> <p><strong>IMPACTS OF ENVIRONMENTAL FACTORS</strong></p> <ul> <li>Environmental influences on production and products</li> <li>Impact of changing environments</li> </ul> <p><strong>RURAL MANAGEMENT AND AGRICULTURAL DEVELOPMENT</strong></p> <ul> <li>Trade</li> <li>Livelihoods</li> <li>Rural communities and aid</li> </ul> <p><strong>AGRICULTURAL TECHNOLOGY</strong></p> <ul> <li>Machinery</li> <li>Remote sensing</li> <li>Geographical Information Systems<strong style="font-size: 0.875rem;"> </strong></li> </ul> <p><strong>AGRICULTURAL PRODUCT HEALTH AND SAFETY</strong></p> <ul> <li>Post-harvest</li> <li>Animal and plant inspection</li> <li>Product freshness</li> </ul> <p> </p> <p><strong><u>JOURNAL PARTICULARS</u></strong></p> <p><strong><u> </u></strong></p> <table> <tbody> <tr> <td width="225"> <p>Title</p> </td> <td width="414"> <p><strong>B R Nahata Smriti Sansthan Agricultural Extension Journal</strong></p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td width="225"> <p>Frequency</p> </td> <td width="414"> <p>Quarterly</p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td width="225"> <p>E- ISSN</p> </td> <td width="414"> <p>2582-3302</p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td width="225"> <p>P-ISSN</p> </td> <td width="414"> <p>2582-564X</p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td width="225"> <p>DOI</p> </td> <td width="414"> <p><strong>https://doi.org/10.22377/aextj.v03i01</strong></p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td width="225"> <p>Publisher</p> </td> <td width="414"> <p><strong>Mr. Rahul Nahata</strong>, B.R. Nahata College of Pharmacy, Mhow-Neemuch Road, Mandsaur-458001, Madhya Pradesh</p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td width="225"> <p>Chief Editor</p> </td> <td width="414"> <p>Dr. M.A. Naidu</p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td width="225"> <p>Starting Year</p> </td> <td width="414"> <p>2017</p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td width="225"> <p>Subject</p> </td> <td width="414"> <p>Agriculture subjects</p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td width="225"> <p>Language</p> </td> <td width="414"> <p>English Language</p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td width="225"> <p>Publication Format</p> </td> <td width="414"> <p>Online and Print [Both]</p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td width="225"> <p>Email Id</p> </td> <td width="414"> <p><a href="mailto:agriculturalextensionjournal@gmail.com">agriculturalextensionjournal@gmail.com</a> ,editor@brnsspublicationhub.org</p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td width="225"> <p>Mobile No.</p> </td> <td width="414"> <p>+91-7049737901</p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td width="225"> <p>Website</p> </td> <td width="414"> <p>www.aextj.com</p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td width="225"> <p>Address</p> </td> <td width="414"> <p>B.R. Nahata Smriti Sansthan, BRNSS PUBLICATION HUB, B.R. Nahata College of Pharmacy, Mhow-Neemuch Road, Mandsaur-458001, Madhya Pradesh</p> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <p> </p> BRNSS Publication Hub en-US B.R. Nahata Smriti Sansthan Agricultural Extension Journal (AEXTJ) 2582-564X <p>This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Attribution-Noncommercial 4.0 International License [CC BY-NC 4.0], which requires that reusers give credit to the creator. It allows reusers to distribute, remix, adapt, and build upon the material in any medium or format, for noncommercial purposes only.</p> Great Usefulness and Effectiveness of Pesticide in Agriculture http://www.aextj.com/index.php/aextj/article/view/485 <p>resulted in improved yield and greater availability of food, at a reasonable price and over all seasons. By the use of pesticides in agriculture, the productivity has increased dramatically in most countries. The primary benefits are known as consequences of the direct pesticides’ effects such as protection of people, animal and crop health, and protection of recreational turf. The secondary benefits arise from primary and these are the less immediate, less intuitively obvious, or long-term consequences. Despite beneficial results of using pesticides in agriculture and public health sector, their use also invites deleterious environmental and public health effects. Pesticides hold a unique position among environmental contaminants due to their high biological activity and toxicity.</p> Olushola Adefila Copyright (c) 2025 Olushola Adefila https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0 2025-07-14 2025-07-14 9 02 10.22377/aextj.v9i02.485 The Importance of Adding Flaxseed in Animal Diets on Nutrient Utilization, Blood Biochemical Components, Productive and Reproductive Efficiency, and Sheep Wool Characteristics http://www.aextj.com/index.php/aextj/article/view/487 <p>Conventionally, industrial applications crush flax to produce linseed oil, and livestock feeds use the resulting flaxseed meal as a protein supplement. The most frequently employed percentages are 28% dietary fiber, 20% protein, and 41% oil. Due to its high lignin level, protein, alpha-linolenic acid, and viscous fiber components, flaxseed has notable micronutrients. Flaxseed protein, especially elevated amounts of cysteine and methionine, enhances antioxidant capacities, so the scavenging of free radicals by acids confers on their antioxidant properties. In addition, carotenoids in flaxseeds act as secondary antioxidants and scavenge singlet oxygen for capturing lipid-free radicals.</p> Alsaied Alnaimy Mostafa Habeeb Copyright (c) 2025 Alsaied Alnaimy Mostafa Habeeb https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0 2025-07-14 2025-07-14 9 02 10.22377/aextj.v9i02.487 ITK-Based Organic Formulations in Crop Production and Protection for Sustainable Agriculture: A Review http://www.aextj.com/index.php/aextj/article/view/488 <p>Indigenous technical knowledge (ITK) has been crucial in agriculture for many generations as farmers have gained this knowledge through their experiences and observations. Recently, there has been an increasing interest in using ITK-based organic formulations for crop production, which are made from locally available organic materials and have proven to be effective in promoting plant growth and controlling pests and diseases. This paper seeks to provide a comprehensive overview of the present understanding of ITK-based organic formulations in crop production, including various types, compositions, and applications. It also examines the benefits and challenges of using ITK-based organic formulations while providing suggestions for further research in this area.</p> R.K. Sathe Copyright (c) 2025 R.K. Sathe https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0 2025-07-14 2025-07-14 9 02 10.22377/aextj.v9i02.488 Rural people Participation for Local Sustainable Development and Environment Protection: Concepts and Approaches http://www.aextj.com/index.php/aextj/article/view/491 <p>A healthy community is a form of living democracy: people working together to address what matters to them. Area-based rural development structures are seen to foster civic participation. It is based upon the assumption that sustainable development (SD) can be achieved only through the involvement of all stakeholders. Public participation became a statutory requirement in the preparation of development plans. The motivation of the people for their development is halfway there. One of the common vehicles for community development includes voluntary community organizations such as local groups, youth groups, sporting clubs, and local resident associations. These organizations have certain characteristics that include: a resident’s commitment to their area, voluntary participation of members, and locally initiated groups that address critical community issues. A determining factor for the success of local SD is the ability to contextualize it, which can be achieved through the involvement of local actors. Stakeholder participation can aid in the design of policies, plans, or projects that better respond to the needs of local actors and is therefore useful in promoting SD. Furthermore, establishing a locally specific governance strategy triggered by a prior participation process might reduce the uncertainty associated with future redevelopment and promote investment. In the SD debate, there is a shared concern about the contribution of science to the actual building of sustainable communities. A continuous articulation of different knowledge areas and the interaction and negotiation between scientists, experts, and non-scientific actors, is indicated as being important to increase the potential achievements of local SD. Understanding group participation in developing countries is crucial because in those countries groups and networks serve many of the functions that elsewhere are served by formal institutions and market mechanisms (e.g. they provide access to informal insurance, credit, and even jobs). Local partnerships are often presented as inclusive in themselves because potentially they bring a wide range of interest groups together. In addition, they are seen as best placed to address social exclusion because of their local knowledge of social problems and local people. Social capital, social inclusion, civic engagement, and participation are all seen as desirable goals and are sometimes used interchangeably. Strong social networks and civic engagement lead to economic development and improved democracy. There is a need for investments so that the people who live there feel good about it and for the visitors don’t only see the poor side, but also the positive side of that territory. Therefore, there is a need of an action plan that aggregates investments in that direction, sustained in a real strategy not sustained by a political or circumstantial strategy of a secretary of State or whatever. In this article, the author discusses and states the most important aspects of rural people participating for local SD and environment conservation and its concepts and approaches with a viewpoint toward local rural people participating in South Khorasan province.</p> Farhood Golmohammadi Copyright (c) 2025 Farhood Golmohammadi https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0 2025-07-14 2025-07-14 9 02 10.22377/aextj.v9i02.491 Solar Energy for Agriculture http://www.aextj.com/index.php/aextj/article/view/489 <p>Sustainable development, especially in the fields of agriculture and environmental preservation, depends heavily on solar energy. Making the switch to solar energy sources provides tremendous promise for meeting energy demands while reducing adverse environmental effects as the world’s population rises and environmental problems worsen. Solar energy has the potential to significantly improve energy efficiency, lower carbon footprints, and foster climate change resilience in the context of agriculture and the environment. The chapter will discuss thoroughly about the impact of solar energy on both sustainable agriculture and the environment. Benefits of solar energy application will be described in detail in this chapter.</p> Amit Biswas Copyright (c) 2025 Amit Biswas https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0 2025-07-14 2025-07-14 9 02 10.22377/aextj.v9i02.489 On Prognosis of Processing of Agricultural Products http://www.aextj.com/index.php/aextj/article/view/490 <p>In this paper, we introduce a model for prognosis of processing of agricultural products. Furthermore, we introduce an analytical approach for analyzing the introduced model.</p> Evgeny L. Pankratov Copyright (c) 2025 Evgeny L. Pankratov https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0 2025-07-14 2025-07-14 9 02 10.22377/aextj.v9i02.490